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Planar Magnetic Loudspeakers and Ribbon Tweeters Planar magnetic drivers, ribbon tweeters and other speakers with dynamic characteristics have many advantages. Their comparatively large diaphragms require very little movement (excursion) to reproduce the same sound quality as a conventional driver, which results in extremely low distortion. They also have a dipolar pattern of radiation, meaning they radiate equally to the rear and front of the speaker. High-Resolution Sound Planar and ribbon magnetic speakers are known for their ability to create precise, clear sound. what is a planar headphone are known to deliver high-resolution sound and reveal subtle nuances in the music that other drivers are unable to reproduce or reveal. In addition to their incredible accuracy, ribbon and planar drivers provide superior sound staging, allowing them to reproduce an expansive soundstage with outstanding clarity. Audiophiles and home theater enthusiasts as well as audiophiles will find them be a great choice. Planar and ribbon drivers are distinguished by their dipole pattern. The pattern emitted equal amounts of energy front and back with an inverted phase that creates a natural soundstage. Their broad dispersion and dipole radiation pattern make them ideal for large spaces, where they are able to create an authentic and spacious soundstage. Planar magnetic drivers have a rapid response time, which allows them to reproduce transients with greater accuracy and quickly than cone drivers. This produces a clear and precise sound, even at very high frequencies. Planar magnetic drivers are recognized for their low distortion. This is due to the fact that they don't employ a voice coil rather an electrostatic field. This allows the diaphragms to move without causing vibrations that can cause unwanted distortion. Additionally, the distance between the magnets in the planar driver is larger than that of a traditional cone speaker. This allows for a higher frequency response and less distortion at lower amplitudes, but still delivering high-quality bass. Despite their many advantages, planar magnetic drivers have some limitations to be aware of. For example, they can be quite expensive and may require more power than other types of speakers. They can also be bulky which makes difficult to fit in certain spaces. Furthermore, they can be sensitive to the acoustics of the room and require extensive room treatments to ensure the best performance. Fortunately, there are ways to reduce these issues for example, by putting an attenuation resistor (provided by your speakers) in the attenuation position, or by performing some type of room treatment. Wide Dispersion Similar to electrostatic speakers, planar magnetic speakers produce sound through the regulation of the electrical current passing through wires suspended between magnetic. They vibrate a flat membrane directly, rather than using an electrostatic charge. This gives them greater surface area and better precision. This is why they can be built into smaller and more affordable headsets and speakers as opposed to electrostatic models. In addition to providing a large dispersion, they also deliver superior imaging and clarity of soundstages, particularly in the higher frequencies, where they excel. This is a huge advantage for audiophiles who enjoy listening to their music or movies in the living room of a large size or other space that is open. Furthermore they are capable of producing very deep bass because they can be augmented by boxed woofers that are connected to or separated from the diaphragm-like ribbon. This is in contrast to traditional cone speaker woofers that are usually located in the bottom of the cabinet, which is a place that cannot reproduce bass frequencies due to the physical limitations of the enclosure for the woofer. Another advantage of the planar driver is that it has extremely low distortion which is directly linked to the size and the excursion of the ribbon-like diaphragm. In the end, the planar speaker can deliver an extremely high volume of sound with little distortion, which is the reason it gives such a clear and detailed sound. In contrast the dynamic drivers that are used in standard headphones and speakers typically exhibit significant amounts of distortion when they are driven to the limit of extreme excursion. As a result, dynamic drivers typically create a booming or hollow sound. Finally, planar magnetic drivers are also extremely efficient. They require less power to drive, which results in a lower energy consumption and less environmental impact. In addition, their diaphragms are typically composed of lighter materials than conventional speakers, which further decreases the amount of energy needed to propel them to produce the desired sound pressure. Many audiophiles have heard of speakers made of ribbon and planar, such as those made by Magnepan Infinity and Apogee Acoustics. However, a new brand is now available. For example new planar loudspeakers coming from manufacturers such as Diptyque and Clarisys Audio are incorporating the latest advancements in ribbon technology. Low Distortion Since planar magnetic speakers don't feature a cone- or dome shaped diaphragm, they produce extremely low distortion. This is due to their unique design which eliminates the voice coil inductance which is associated with dynamic driver speakers. (See U.S. patent 6,353,560). This assures that the diaphragm always in phase with the magnetic field that surrounds it, which results in a constant output. Most often, distortion occurs when high-amplitude waveforms are reproduced. With a single-ended planar magnetic driver distortion is virtually nonexistent at all frequencies that go beyond the bass. In addition to their ultra-low distortion they also offer extremely high efficiency. This enables the drive to be used with much less power than is normally required by other types of speakers. This results in lower operating costs and lower energy consumption. The distortion of planar magnetic drivers is significantly lower than conventional dynamic speakers, and even more so for electrostatic speakers. This is due to the diaphragm, which is flat, of the planar magnetic driver is equipped with a conductor trace that allows it to react to magnetic fields created by magnets on the opposite side of it. These two magnets must be carefully positioned to ensure that the voice element is optimally positioned within the magnetic field at all times. This is what allows for the extremely linear performance of planar magnetic drivers in all frequencies that go beyond the bass. Planar magnetic drivers have many other advantages however the most significant is that they can be built as either dipoles (radiating in opposite directions and equally in front and behind the speaker like an ESL) or monopoles (radiating in the forward direction and more like traditional dynamic speakers). This permits a wide range of designs, especially when combined using a ribbon-tweeter. There are many planar magnetic loudspeakers available today, from manufacturers such as Hifiman Dan Clark Audeze and Fostex. Each brand has its own distinctive sound that is a result of their patented driver configurations and other engineering innovations. The commonality among these speakers is their astonishing clarity, dynamics and their controlled directionality. High Power Handling Planar magnetic drivers can handle a lot of power, but without the audible strain or stress that can be caused by traditional dynamic speakers that move. The “voice coil” is not squeezed into the narrow space between the cones and baskets as in traditional dynamic drivers. Instead, it is spread across an area larger. This gives the voice-coil more surface area to absorb any heat. Another reason why planar drivers can handle so much power is because they have the smallest mass when as compared to conventional drivers. Dynamic drivers feature diaphragms that are heavy and thick. They are orders of magnitude heavier and thicker than the ultra-light diaphragms found in planar magnetic drives. Due to their high mass, conventional diaphragms need more force in order to move backwards and forwards (a measurement known as excursion) to create the required sound pressure. They can't be driven nearly as hard as a planar magnetic driver, as the voice coil will begin to produce significant distortion. This is why it's important to buy only speakers that are designed for the type of amplifier you're planning to drive them with. The high excitation of a planar magnetic driver enables it to generate a much larger soundstage than traditional drivers. This is due to the diaphragm's vibration uniformly and flat to form an asymmetrical wavefront, not the spherical wavefront typical with traditional drivers. This wider soundstage also increases the accuracy and detail of the speakers, allowing them to better reproduce subtle details and more complex sounds. The disadvantage of the superior power handling provided by planar magnetic drives is that they can be more expensive to manufacture and require more powerful amplifiers to operate at their full capacity. They can be massive and heavy which can make it difficult to install in certain settings. They also have a limited bass response, so you may need to add a subwoofer your system to achieve satisfying results at lower frequencies.